Microalgae Polysaccharides: An Overview of Production, Characterization, and Potential Applications

Microalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms capable of synthesizing several biocompounds, including polysaccharides with antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral properties. At the same time that accumulation biomolecules occurs, microalgae can use wastewater gaseous effluents for their growth, mitigating these pollutants. The increase in production by be achieved mainly through nutritional limitations, stressful conditions, and/or adverse conditions. These compounds commercial interest due to biological rheological properties, which allow application various sectors, such as pharmaceuticals foods. Thus, productivity competitiveness microalgal hydrocolloids, cultivation parameters extraction/purification processes have been optimized. In this context, review addresses an overview production, characterization, potential applications obtained cyanobacteria. Moreover, main opportunities challenges relation obtaining highlighted.